Research project Bio-control of plant-parasitic nematodes on selected medicinal plantsin Northern Vietnam

General introduction

The project NAFOSTED has found evidence that a bacterium living inside the roots, after introduction into the soil, is able to reduce the damage of certain harmful soil nematodes (nematodes), and that in tomato (in Belgium), and perhaps also in medicinal plants in Vietnam. The project goal was to search for alternatives to chemical nematicides, so far the most common pesticide. Specifically, this involves the endophytic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa LMG27872. According to the dose, this showed inhibition of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita), in a trial of tomato cultivation in an organic greenhouse with high contamination.
The project partners in Vietnam were interested in nematode control in medicinal plants, which are widely consumed there after being collected from natural sources. This challenges local biodiversity. Medicinal plant cultivation, in turn, is hampered by diseases and pests, and most by plant parasites.

Research approach

The research approach focused on the biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita in medicinal plants and organic vegetable cultivation, through laboratory and field experiments with selected endophytic bacteria. They unraveled the mechanisms of action of these bacteria against root nodule nematodes. They selected the most effective bacterial species and strains based on genetic evaluation and relationship among nematode communities.

Relevance/Valorization

The project NAFOSTED explored the potential of endophytic bacteria as an environmentally friendly alternative control method of harmful soil nematodes. In tomato trials, a slight decrease in nematode populations was observed after application, with positive effects on plant growth of infected plants. NGS analysis showed that the bacteria had no negative effects on the soil community. Vietnamese pot and laboratory experiments with plant extracts showed variable efficacy against nematodes. Chemical nematicides are still the most effective pesticides, but they carry environmental and health risks.

Financing

FWO - Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek